Rottenburg am Neckar (Weiler)
Weiler Burg
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Anne de Habsbourg (Gertrude de Hohenberg)
Countess of Hohenberg (by birth) · Countess of Habsburg · Queen of the Romans (1273–1281)
Gertrude of Hohenberg, who became Queen Anne in 1273, was the wife of Rodolphe de Habsburg and the mother of Albert Ier: through her descended the line that made the Habsburgs one of the great dynasties of Europe. Daughter of the Swabian Count Burkhard III of Hohenberg and of Mechthild, of the Counts Palatine of Tübingen, she was born around 1225–1235; the NDB places her birth at Deilingen. Married to Rodolphe before March 1254, she was crowned at Aachen on 24 October 1273, after her husband's election as King of the Romans, and shortly afterwards adopted the name Anne. The couple held their court in Vienna from 1277. She died there in January 1281 and was buried, at her wish, in Basel Cathedral, before her remains moved to Saint-Blaise and then to Sankt Paul im Lavanttal. A local tradition, which no contemporary document confirms, places her childhood and youth at the Weilerburg, the former Rotenburg of the Counts of Hohenberg overlooking Rottenburg am Neckar.
Naissancevers 1225-1235 (Deilingen selon la NDB)
Décès16 janvier 1281, Vienne (certaines sources indiquent le 16 février)
FonctionCountess of Hohenberg (by birth) · Countess of Habsburg
Maisoncomtes de Hohenberg ; par mariage, maison de Habsbourg
Époque13th century, Great Interregnum and reign of Rudolf I
Histoire & patrimoine
A Swabian countess on the throne
Born into the comital nobility of the Upper Neckar, Gertrude married a count who was then still only regional, Rodolphe of Habsburg. His election as king in 1273 transformed the countess into a queen: crowned at Aachen, she adopted the name Anne, perhaps under the influence of the growing cult of the Virgin's mother. Their many children produced the alliances that anchored the dynasty in Austria.
Weiler BurgRepères dans sa vie
vers 1225-1235
Birth of Gertrude, daughter of Count Burkhard III of Hohenberg and Mechthild of Tübingen.
avant le 8 mars 1254
Marriage to Count Rodolphe of Habsburg.
24 octobre 1273
Crowned at Aachen; she still signed “Gertrude” that day and shortly afterwards took the name Anne.
1277
The royal couple establish their court in Vienna.
janvier 1281
Dies in Vienna; buried at her request in Basel Cathedral.
1510
A gilded crown removed from her tomb joins the treasury of Basel Cathedral.
seconde moitié du XVIe s.
Historicist statue of the queen after the engravings in Francesco Terzio's Imagines Domus Austriae (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna).
1770 et 1807
Translation of her remains to Saint-Blaise, then to Sankt Paul im Lavanttal (Carinthia).
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Anne de Habsbourg (Gertrude de Hohenberg) dans l’histoire
The Weilerburg, presumed cradle
The Weilerburg, formerly called Rotenburg, belonged to the Counts of Hohenberg at the latest by the 13th century. Local tradition holds that Gertrude grew up there; this claim is not supported by any document from the period and should be read as a memory attached to the place. The NDB, for its part, places her birth at Deilingen. The castle passed to the Habsburgs only in 1381, a century after her death.
An itinerant burial
Dying in Vienna, the queen wished to rest in Basel, where her tomb survives in the cathedral. Her remains were nevertheless transferred in 1770 to the abbey of Saint-Blaise in the Black Forest, then in 1807, after secularisation, to Sankt Paul im Lavanttal in Carinthia, where they still lie.
A figure of dynastic memory
The Renaissance Habsburgs kept the memory of their ancestor alive: a statue from the second half of the 16th century, held at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, depicts her after the engravings in Francesco Terzio's Imagines Domus Austriae. It is a reconstructed effigy, not a portrait.
Sources de la fiche
Cette synthèse croise plusieurs sources pour documenter les lieux, événements et relations historiques.
- Gertrud, Gräfin von Hohenberg (als deutsche Königin Anna) – Neue Deutsche Biographie 6 (1964), Fritz Trautz — Historische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Gertrud (Anna) of Hohenberg, statue, second half of 16th century — Die Welt der Habsburger (Schönbrunn Group)
- Anna of Hohenberg (c. 1230–1281) – Women in World History — Encyclopedia.com
- Weilerburg (Rottenburg) — Wikipedia (de)